U.S. Supreme Court Rejects West Virginia's Law Prohibiting Transgender Athletes from Joining Female Sports Teams

On Thursday, the U.S. Supreme Court rejected West Virginia's attempt to implement a law prohibiting transgender athletes from joining female sports teams in public schools. This is one of several initiatives by Republican lawmakers across the United States that target LGBTQ rights. The lower court had imposed an injunction against the law while a lawsuit challenging its legality, filed by 12-year-old transgender girl Becky Pepper-Jackson, remains ongoing. Justices Samuel Alito and Clarence Thomas dissented from the decision and publicly voiced their disagreement.
 

The 2021 law mandates that sports teams at public schools, including universities, are classified based on "biological sex." It prohibits male students from joining female athletic teams, using the individual's reproductive biology and genetics at birth as the criteria.
 
Becky Pepper-Jackson and her mother, Heather, filed a lawsuit arguing that the law is discriminatory based on sex and transgender status. They claim it violates the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution and the Title IX civil rights law, which prohibits sex-based discrimination in education.
 
West Virginia argued in court documents that it is within its rights to assign athletic teams based on biological sex rather than gender identity, particularly when the separation of groups is based on physical differences between males and females.
 
West Virginia Attorney General Patrick Morrisey expressed his disappointment with the Supreme Court's decision but remains confident that the state will ultimately prevail. He believes it is only fair and reasonable to prevent biological males from participating in women's sports.
 
The American Civil Liberties Union and Lambda Legal, an LGBT legal group, called the lawsuit baseless and cruel, aimed at preventing Becky Pepper-Jackson from participating in sports with her peers. The groups, along with the Cooley law firm, are representing Pepper-Jackson in her lawsuit. The 12-year-old, who lives in Bridgeport, West Virginia, took legal action after being prohibited from trying out for the girls' cross-country and track teams.
 
Republican lawmakers in various states have been pushing a series of laws aimed at limiting the rights of the LGBTQ community, including measures that restrict transgender participation in sports, access to gender-affirming medical care, and teaching subjects related to gender identity or sexual orientation. However, a federal judge in Tennessee temporarily blocked a law that limited drag performances in public on Friday.
 
The West Virginia case has brought the issue of transgender rights to the forefront of the U.S. culture wars following the Supreme Court's 2020 ruling that protects gay and transgender employees under a long-standing federal law that bars workplace discrimination.
 
U.S. District Judge Joseph Goodwin initially blocked the West Virginia law, allowing Becky Pepper-Jackson to join the teams. However, he changed his decision in January, concluding that the state's law was legal. As the case continued, the 4th Circuit issued an injunction.