Rudolph "Rudy" Giuliani is best known for his leadership as the mayor of New York City after 9/11. Giuliani, a native of Brooklyn and grandson of Italian immigrants, had an upbringing infused with a strong work ethic and pride for America's rich opportunities. Giuliani was a good student who went on to attend Manhattan College in the Bronx. There, he studied political science and philosophy. At this time, Giuliani also began to consider pursuing a career as a priest for the Roman Catholic Church. A natural-born leader, Giuliani also became involved in politics during college, as he was elected class president his sophomore year. He also joined the Phi Rho Pi fraternity and helped lead the organization. Once he graduated from college, Giuliani updated his initial career plan to become a priest and decided to follow a new track by becoming a lawyer. He attended New York University Law School and graduated cum laude in 1968. After graduation, Giuliani clerked for United States District Judge for the Southern District of New York Lloyd MacMahon. In 1970, Giuliani was asked to join the United States Attorney's Office for the Southern District of New York. There, he climbed the ranks quickly, being appointed chief of the narcotics unit by 1973. Shortly after, he was named a United States attorney. Two years later, Giuliani went to Washington, DC, where he was made associate deputy attorney general and chief of staff to Deputy Attorney General Harold Tyler. In 1977, Giuliani went on to work for Tyler at his firm, Patterson, Belknap, Webb & Tyler, where he remained until 1981. Next, he was named associate attorney general for the Ronald Regan administration. By 1983, he had become the U.S. attorney for the Southern District of New York, where he became famous for prosecuting a number of high-profile, white-collar cases in New York, particularly those that involved Wall Street names. Giuliani went back to practicing with a firm in 1989 when he joined New York firm White & Case as a partner. He remained at the firm until 1990, at which point he moved on to Anderson, Kill, Olick & Oshinsky, which is now Anderson, Kill & Olick. As a strong leader in the community, Giuliani had been active in politics throughout his life. Originally a Democrat, he volunteered for Robert F. Kennedy's presidential campaign and served as a party committee person in Long Island in the 1960s. Strangely enough, Giuliani switched from the Democratic Party to the Independent Party to the Republican Party during his early career. Many speculate that he only became a Republican during the 1980s because he was given various prestigious positions during the Regan administration. Rudolph "Rudy" Giuliani released a book about his experience as the mayor of New York City titled Leadership, which became a bestseller. In 1989, Giuliani took his political involvement to a new level when he ran for mayor of New York City. Though he lost the first time—by only 47,080 votes out of 1,899,845—he was elected for the next term, defeating Democrat George Marlin. He was the first Republican to be elected as a New York mayor since 1965. After winning a second term as mayor of New York in 1997, Giuliani made it his mission to really step it up and improve the city of New York. With then-New York Police Department Commissioner Bill Bratton, Giuliani revamped the city's law enforcement strategy, cutting down crime by 56% and murder by 66%. In addition to other city improvements during his term, Giuliani is also highly regarded for his leadership after 9/11. He was later honored with the Ronald Regan Presidential Freedom Award, knighted by the Queen of England, and listed as the 2001 "Person of the Year" by Time magazine. After serving as mayor, Giuliani moved on to start a business venture in 2002: a security consulting company called Giuliani Partners. He also released a book about his experience as the mayor of New York City titled Leadership, which became a bestseller. After dramatically increasing his net worth with the launch of his consulting company, Giuliani returned to practicing law with Bracewell & Giuliani. More recently, Giuliani announced his intent to run in the 2008 presidential election.

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